Separation Technology - Articles
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Crystallization
Crystallization refers to the formation of solid crystals from a homogeneous solution. It is essentially a solid-liquid separation technique and a very important one at that. Crystals are grown in many shapes, which are dependent upon downstream processing or final product…
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Extractive Distillation: An In-Depth Look
Distillation is the most widely used separation technique in the chemical and petroleum industry. However, not all liquid mixture are amenable to ordinary fractional distillation. When the components of the system have low relative volatilities (1.00 Both equipment and utilities…
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Optimize Liquid-Liquid Extraction
Liquid-Liquid extractors are often a neglected part of process plants because they are not well understood and generally form only a small part of the overall process scheme. Often, significant savings in operating costs can be achieved by fine-tuning extraction systems. This…
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Hollow Fiber Membranes
Membrane separation processes has become one of the emerging technology which undergo a rapid growth during the past few decades. It has drawn the world attention especially in the separation technology field, one of the chemical engineers' specialty with its distinguish…
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Basics of Leaching
Simply put, leaching generally refers to the removal of a substance from a solid via a liquid extraction media. The desired component diffuses into the solvent from its natural solid form. Examples of leaching include the removal of sugar from sugar beets with hot water and the…
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Packed Column Design
Designing a randomly packed column is a subtle blend of art and science. Packed columns are most frequently used to remove contaminants from a gas stream (absorption). However, packed columns can also be used to remove volatile components from a liquid stream by contacting it…
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Pervaporation: An Overiew
Pervaporation , in its simplest form, is an energy efficient combination of membrane permeation and evaporation.  It's considered an attractive alternative to other separation methods for a variety of processes. For example, with the low temperatures and pressures involved in…
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Energy Conservation in Distillation
The preferred method of separation in the chemical industry, distillation, is a very energy intensive process. Fine tuning your distillation columns (and in some cases, making major changes) can save your company thousands of dollars a year or more. Consider the following…
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Sizing of Packed Towers in Acid Plants
Packed towers are key components in sulfuric acid plants. Drying of the sulfur furnace air is necessary to avoid acid condensation and corrosion in downstream equipment and to minimize mist formation. Absorption of SO 3 in the Interpass and Final Towers recovers the product…
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Trickling Biofilters for Hydrogen Sulfide Odor...
Controlling hydrogen sulfide and other odor emissions is a major issue for most wastewater treatment plants. H 2 S odors can by reduced to very low levels by wet scrubbers using caustic and chlorine or sodium hypochlorite. However, the chemical storage, metering, and control…
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Biosorption
Biosorption is the binding and concentration of heavy metals from aqueous solutions (even very dilute ones) by certain types of inactive, dead, microbial biomass 6 . Pioneering research on biosorption of heavy metals has led to the identification of a number of microbial biomass…
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Distillation Pilot Plant Design, Operating Para...
In spite of the fact that tremendous progress is being made in understanding the performance of both random and structured packings in distillation, it is a long way from being able to predict from first principles, the efficiency, capacity and pressure drop of a tower packing…