tec-science
All about mechanical engineering and physics for study, school and work
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Why do crowned pulleys keep a flat belt on track?
In this article, you will learn why a convex curvature of a crowned pulley will cause a flat belt to keep track and not jump off the pulley! Paradoxical as it may seem at first glance, a convex curvature of a pulley causes a flat belt to keep track and not jump off! To…
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Flow process work as pressure-volume work of closed systems
The flow process work done in open systems can be interpreted as the pressure-volume work of closed systems. Flow process work As explained in detail in the article on flow process work, the flow process work Wp is made up of the sum of flow work Wf and pressure-volume work Wv:…
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First law of thermodynamics for open systems (derivation)
Learn more about the derivation of the first law of thermodynamics for open systems in this article. Shaft work in an open system In the article Shaft work in open systems it was shown that the shaft work Ws is generally composed of the flow process work (Wp), the gravitational…
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Shaft work in open systems
Shaft work is the total work performed in open systems, which is usually transferred by shafts. Flow process work In the article on flow process work, the discussion of the work performed in open systems (e.g. in compressors or pumps) was only limited to the flow process work.…
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Flow process work in open systems
Flow process work is the work done by an open system to transfer a fluid through the system boundaries (flow work) and change the volume (pressure-volume work). Energetic processes at the boundaries of an open system (flow work) The article on flow work used the example of a…
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Flow work in open systems
The work which is required to maintain the flow against the different static pressures between inlet and outlet of an open system is referred to as flow work. Introduction Many thermodynamic processes take place in open systems. In contrast to closed systems, in open systems…
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Reversibility of thermodynamic processes (entropy)
In thermodynamics, reversible processes are processes which are reversible from an energetic point of view! Introduction The free adiabatic expansion of an ideal gas in a vacuum showed that this thermodynamic process cannot be described by the isentropic equations, although…
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What is the Joule-Thomson effect?
The Joule-Thomson effect describes the decrease in temperature of real gases when they expand against a lower pressure! In the article Free expansion of an ideal gas in a vacuum it was explained that the free expansion of a gas against a vacuum taking place in an (ideal)…
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Free adiabatic expansion of an ideal gas in a vacuum
The expansion of an ideal gas against a vacuum in an adiabatic system is an isothermal process! In the article on the isentropic process it was already indicated that the often used term “adiabatic process” can be misleading in some situations and is generally not correct. To…
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Dissipative thermodynamic processes in adiabatic systems
In this article, learn more about dissipative thermodynamic processes using the polytropic equations. Work performed in adiabatic systems Many thermodynamic processes take place within very short times, such as the expansion of the burned fuel-air mixture in internal combustion…